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Social, Cultural, Demographic, and Natural Environment Forces

The social forces focuses on the forces within the society.These factors can affect in positive or negative way the companies.

 

1. CHILDBEARING RATES:

 

The tendency on childbearing in Colombia has been decreasing. Between 1985-1990 and 2010-2016, it is hoped that the gross rate goes from 28,80 to 18,88. This means a reduction of 9,92 births for every thousand people. This affects the industry in a way that makes the amount of consumers variate.

 

References: DANE. http://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/esp/poblacion-y-demografia/nacimientos-y-defunciones/110-boletines/encuestas-politicas-y-culturales/6232-nacimientos-2015-preliminar

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. NUMBER OF SPECIAL – INTEREST GROUPS:

 

Acording to the Clive (2014), an interest group is “any association of individuals or organizations, usually formally organized, that, on the basis of one or more shared concerns, attempts to influence public policy in its favour.”

 

Exist many interest groups in BottleFit company, such as, Greenpeace, fitness people and WWF. In the case of Greenpeace and WWF are organizations with the mission of stop the environmental degradation as BottleFit do, an other important interest group could be the fitness people because they use Bottles all the time to carry the drinks when they are exercising.

 

Reference – Clive S. Thomas (2014). Interest group. Available in: http://global.britannica.com/topic/interest-group

 

3.Number of marriages

 

The number of civil marriages in 2015 increase in 1,36 % compere to 2014, with a number of 24,206 .

 

El Tiempo, (2015). Divorcios y matrimonios civiles aumentaron este año - Gente - El Tiempo. [online] Available at: http://www.eltiempo.com/estilo-de-vida/gente/aumentan-divorcios-y-matrimonios-en-2015/16009876 [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016].

 

4. NUMBER OF DIVORCES:

 

“Divorce is the result of the decision reached between the two spouses or simply the will of one of them, as the case, to dissolve the marriage by the irreconcilable differences that arose between the couple.” (definicionabc.com, 2016)

 

In 2015 an increase in divorces was, with respect to 2014. Between January and May 2015 7.721 divorces were registered in Colombia, representing an increase of 11.22 percent over the same period last year, in which 6,942 events were presented. (eltiempo.com, 2015)

Latin American countries are those that have lower divorce rate and Colombia is located in the third place in this list with a rate of 9% in the dissolution of marriages according to the Business Insider. (eltiempo.com, 2014)

 

 

5. NUMBER OF BIRTHS:

 

In Colombia, the birth rate has been decreasing during the last years. According to the World Bank, the birth rate (births per 1000 people) in 2011 and 2012 was 17, and in 2013 was 16. (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.CBRT.IN)

 

  • In 2013, the total number of births was 658.835, 337.947 were men and 320.888 were women.

  • In 2014, the total number of births was 665.314, 51.28% were men and 48.72% were women. Bogotá, Antioquia and Valle del Cauca concentrated 35.05% of the total number of births.

  • In 2015, from January to September 30, the number of births was 477.116, 51.44% were men and 48.56% we women. Bogotá, Antioquia and Valle del Cauca concentrated 35.81% of the total number of births.

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This affects our organization because it means that the number of potential customers has been decreasing. It also means that the most potential markets are in Bogotá, Antioquia and Valle del Cauca because they concentrated the largest number of births.

 

References:

6. NUMBER OF DEATHS:

 

 It has been reported, in the 30th of September of 2015, 202.664 non fetal deaths in the country which the 55,33% were men, the 44,66% women and 0,01% were from undetermined sex. Bogotá, Antioquia and Valle del Cauca were the regions where there were a bigger number of deaths with a total of 81.010, which represented the 39,97%.

 

References: Comunicado de prensa, Bogotá, 23 de diciembre de 2015. EL DANE presenta cifras estadísticas vitales de Colombia para los años 2014 y 2015. DANE.

 

 

7. IMMIGRATION AND EMIGRATION RATES:

 

By The World Bank (2016), “Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates.”.

 

The net migration rate of Colombia between 2011-2015 was -144,998 according to The World Bank, this means that in Colombia the rates of emigrants are higher than inmigrants.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Image: The World Bank (2016). Available in: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SM.POP.NETM/countries/1W-CO?display=graph

 

 

The number of immigrants and emigrants in Colombia affects BottlFit in positive and negatives aspects as it is shown below:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reference – The World Bank (2016). Net migration. Available in: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SM.POP.NETM

Reference – Vicéns. J (2005). Impacto económico de la inmigración sobre el mercado laboral. Available in: https://www.uam.es/otroscentros/klein/doctras/DT_10_JV.pdf

 

8. SOCIAL SECURITY PROGRAMS:

 

 The social security programs of the country have the mission to increase the quality of life of the citizens by implementing different programs that work in areas such as education, health and also increasing people with the capacity to serve the society, decreasing poorness. The different programs are creating and managed by the system of social security of health, general system of pension, and the system of general risk of Colombia. Currently the country implemented different programs that are helping people to have a better life and clear future of the World, incising the number of educated citizen, that will turn one day into educated costumer looking forward products like our bottle that are good for your health and environment, never the less the social security program do not have a direct impact on our industry, the only programs that are related are the environmental causes ones that help citizen pass from product like a plastic bottle to one like ours.

 

Dnp.gov.co, (2016). Desarrollo Social. [online] Available at: https://www.dnp.gov.co/programas/desarrollo-social/Paginas/desarrollo-social.aspx [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016].https://www.dnp.gov.co/programas/desarrollo-social/Paginas/desarrollo-social.aspx Anon, (2016). [online] Available at: http://aplicaciones.ceipa.edu.co/biblioteca/biblio_digital/virtualteca/cartillas/Cartilla_Seguridad_social_integral_RG_ene_11_-23p.pdf [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016].http://aplicaciones.ceipa.edu.co/biblioteca/biblio_digital/virtualteca/cartillas/Cartilla_Seguridad_social_integral_RG_ene_11_-23p.pdf

 

9. LIFE EXPECTANCY RATES:

 

"Life expectancy is an index (percentage) taken into account in determining how much a person expected to live in a particular social context." (Deconceptos.com, 2016)

 

In a study conducted by the Institute of Metrics and Evaluation of Health (IHME) at the University of Washington, it was revealed that in the past 25 years, life expectancy increased about 6 years. Accordingly, women now have a life expectancy of 79 years and men, 72 in Colombia. All this because of the great advances in the fight against neonatal communicable diseases, maternal and nutritional disorders. (semana.com, 2015)

 

 

10. PER CAPITA INCOME:

 

The per capita income is the gross domestic production trends divided for the population at the middle of the year.

In 2015, the per capita income was US$7.044, putting Colombia in the 7th place in Latin America.

Colombia achieved a growth in per capita GDP of 2.4% annually between 1965-2012.

 

References:

 

11. LOCATION OF RETAILING, MANUFACTURING, AND SERVICE BUSINESS:

 

BotteFit’s location of retailing is the internet because nowadays it is a really good alternative for selling or buying different things.

It order to sell things online in our own webpage, the organization must have the Ministry of Information Technology’s permission that guarantees that the information provided by the customers to our webpage is safe and confidential, and that the customers will receive their products. (http://www.mintic.gov.co/portal/604/w3-article-2627.html)

In terms of manufacturing, the location would be in Bogotá because it is the capital city of Colombia and geographically it is in the middle of the country, making it easier and cheaper to have access to our customers.

 

 

12. ATTITUDES TOWARD BUSINESS:

 

The starting point for understanding the buyer is the model of stimulus - response. Environmental stimuli and marketers enter the consciousness of the buyer, the buyer characteristics and the decision process leading to certain purchasing decisions.

Culture is the key determinant of the desires and behavior of a person. And class, which virtually all human societies exhibit social stratification that sometimes takes the form of a caste system in which its members play certain roles that do not allow them to change caste stratification and often takes the form of classes.

 

References: Análisis de mercados de consumo y conducta del comprador. http://www.infoservi.com/index.php/marketing/14-analisis-de-los-mercados-de-consumo-y-la-conducta-del-comprador


These are some of the factors that determine a consumer attitude toward a business:

 

 

13. LIFESTYLES:

 

In Colombia exist 6 socioeconomic strata, according to the DANE (2016), the strata 1,2 and 3 It corresponds to those with the lowest economic resources, the strata 4 are users with normal salaries and the strata 5 and 6 correspond to those with greater financial resources.

 

Each user of strata has different lifestyle, for example in the case of BottleFit users of strata 1,2 and 3 doesn’t has the opportunity to buy a bottle because of their economic resources, Conversely the strata 4, 5 and 6 users has the necessity of buy a bottle because some of them has the economic resources or the opportunity to go to the gym, practice an sport, go to a club or are interested in take care of the environment.

 

Reference- DANE (2016). Estratificacion Socieconomica. Available in: http://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/esp/estratificacion-socioeconomica/preguntas-frecuentes

 

 

14.TRAFFIC CONGESTION:

 

If Colombians today feel stuck in traffic in Bogotá, Medellin and Barranquilla, they won’t be able to imagine the chaos that awaits them in the next ten years. For businesspeople trying to get their cargo to Colombian ports it will be an even greater disaster. With the increase in the number of cars, motorcycles and trucks, and the lack of roads, the country is moving towards complete immobility. Each day buying a car or a motorcycle in the country is easer, and taking into a count that public transportation in the cities is complicated and in some cases dangerous people is investing in their our way of transportation, making the roads of the cities collapse during the day. By the other hand Colombia was a huge problem with is the lack of roads and their the deplorable levels of maintenance, there are not enough streets and most of the ones that existed are in terrible conditions making the situation even worse. The traffic collapse affect all the people activities and times of citizens, taking into our product is going to be sold by internet especially social media, traffic of course is going to affect the time and transportation of the product to consumers.

 

Colombia, o. (2008). Colombia, on the verge of a monumental traffic jam. [online] Semana.com. Available at: Semana.com, (2016). Resultados de la búsqueda: colombia on the verge of monumental traffic jam en Semana.com. [online] Available at: http://www.semana.com/international/print-edition/articulo/colombia-on-the-verge-of-monumental-traffic-jam/97245-3 [Accessed 14 Feb. 2016]. [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016]. http://www.semana.com/international/print-edition/articulo/colombia-on-the-verge-of-monumental-traffic-jam/97245-3 [Accessed 14 Feb. 2016].

 

15. INNER-CITY ENVIRONMENTS:

 

The poverty rate in Colombia is high and varies considerably between regions and cities. In recent years, efforts to reduce poverty in Colombia have had limited effect. Poverty is closely linked to the quality of life. Increased poverty means less access to basic consumer goods, more insecurity, more instability and less supply of leisure and recreation. Cities with the lowest poverty rate are Bucaramanga Colombia, Bogota, Villavicencio and Cali. In general, these are cities located in the most dynamic regions. Colombia is a very unequal country and this is reflected in the distribution of consumption in major cities, especially in cities like Monteria, Barranquilla, Cartagena and Neiva. Fair city is a city with more opportunities, more cohesion and more tolerance. In addition to this, it is a city with a population more educated and enjoy better health. The cities with the largest number of training institutions or artistic practice are Bogota, Medellin and Cali. In particular, stand out, given the city's population, the number of entities in Manizales visual arts, dance in Manizales and Pereira, theater and music Medellin Manizales, Medellin and Bucaramanga. Bogota is the largest city with the largest number of registered museums, followed by Medellin, Cali, Barranquilla, Santa Marta and Cartagena. Among cities, protruding Santa Marta, Pasto and Neiva, for its historical importance, they have the largest number of museums per capita. (Compite.com, 2012)

 

16. LEVEL OF DISPOSABLE INCOME:

 

"The amount of money that households have available for spending and saving after income taxes have been accounted for. Disposable personal income is often monitored as one of the many key economic indicators used to gauge the overall state of the economy."

(//www.investopedia.com/terms/d/disposableincome.asp#ixzz3zHLzZtcK)

 

The graph shows that the disposable income in Colombia has increased during the last years and this helps our organization because it means that the customers can spend more money buying our products.

 

http://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/boletines/pib/bol_PIB_IVtrime13.pdf

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17. TRUST IN GOVERNMENT:

 

According to a research done by Universidad de los Andes, Colombia does not trust in its political parties with a score of 31% over 100%. (http://www.eltiempo.com/ocumen/ocument/CMS-12605563)

 

Another research says that Colombia does not trust in its government and its institutions. (http://www.semana.com/nacion/articulo/instituciones-en-crisis/409100-3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The fact that people don’t trust in its government could bring a political instability that could affect our organization because of the different changes that might happen during this instability.

 

 

18. ATTITUDES TOWARD GOVERMENT:

 

Today, colombians have better attitudes toward the principles of liberal democracy such as separation of power and the existence of guaranties toward the opposition and minorities. Even so, respect to previous years, citizens are less satisfied with the operation of democracy. This is shown on a fewer support to the political system, less trust on public institutions, higher skepticism on the ability of the state to protect their basic rights and in front of the effectiveness of justice. This support to the political system consists on the degree of legitimacy that people give to the country’s government system. This is an essential dimension for an stable democracy.  

 

References: http://www.vanderbilt.edu/lapop/colombia/Press_Release_Colombia_2013_W_081414.pdf

http://obsdemocracia.org/uploads/1434039454.pdf

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

19. ATTITUDES TOWARD WORK:

 

Its important to know that Colombia as Kwintessential says (2016), “as in other hierarchical societies, managers may take a somewhat paternalistic attitude to their employees. They may demonstrate a concern for employees that goes beyond the workplace and strictly professional concerns.”

 

But is not only responsability of managers, the attitudes of the employee is the most important. It is vital that exist  good disposal from the employee, follow the instructions of the manager, to be on time at work, fulfill the tasks in order etc..

The good or bad attitudes toward work affect BottleFit company, because the employee are the one who manage the sells or the relationship with the customer or other workers and this depends of the growth of the company.

 

Reference- Kwintessential. (2016).  Intercultural management – Colombia. Available in: http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/intercultural/management/colombia.html

 

 

20.BUYING HABITS:

 

Rising incomes and a growing middle class are driving spending on an increasing array of areas, particularly self-indulgent ones such as travel, beauty and health. Improved security conditions, as crime rates fall, are also helping shape a more varied consumer market and encouraging Colombians to get out and spend. Technology is a major growth area across all demographics. Income equality, among the highest in the world, is declining, allowing poorer consumers to spend more widely. In addition to covering important core topics like household disposable income, consumer expenditure, savings and credit and housing and home ownership, this report also contains hard-to-find statistics on more specific consumer-related topics like eating and drinking habits, shopping habits, preferred types of stores and retail venues, clothing and fashion trends and descriptions of how consumers spend their leisure and recreation time.

 

A consumer segmentation section in the report breaks down the Colombia’s consumers by specific age groups, ranging from babies and infants to pensioners; highlighting the factors that influence purchasing decisions and the products in greatest demand for each segment. Now when we talk about buying habits we need to take into a count that al this changes came along with a more educated consumer that takes into account quality of the product or service, facility to reach it, environmental effects, health effects that can cause what the buy, in an interconnected world thy are highly influenced by opinions, tendencies and the advantages were they exist a high competition on the market, this is really important for all of the business right now because with costumers with a higher demand, companies have to de able to create products, services and strategies that create value to consumers taking into account they wants and needs.

 

Euromonitor.com, (2016). Consumer Lifestyles in Colombia. [online] Available at: http://www.euromonitor.com/consumer-lifestyles-in-colombia/report [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016].http://www.euromonitor.com/consumer-lifestyles-in-colombia/report TIEMPO, E. (2015). Lo práctico y lo verde marcan el consumo - Finanzas personales - El Tiempo. [online] El Tiempo. Available at: http://www.eltiempo.com/economia/finanzas-personales/las-preferencias-de-los-consumidores/15213192 [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016].http://www.eltiempo.com/economia/finanzas-personales/las-preferencias-de-los-consumidores/15213192

 

 

21. ETHICAL CONCERNS:

 

After looking at the oracle of our destiny and our existential journey log. It is noted that Colombia lives besieged by bloody problem of gun violence. The unusual political scandals. Outright criminal economies of origin. The oppressive government neglect of the majority population on social, political and economic heavily unjust structures and equally chic. The cluster of problems that are shaking the country right now, shows a clear moral decay and a blatant act against ethics. (Eltiempo.com, 2014)

 

 

 

22. ATTITUDES TOWARD SAVING:

 

According to a report by the Development Bank of Latin America (CAF), 39% of Colombians do not save money, and most that save, keep it at home. ( http://www.eltiempo.com/economia/finanzas-personales/ahorro-en-colombia/14963595)

 

An Old Mutual report says that attitudes toward saving have been increasing. It shows that in 2000 people saved 15.5 billion pesos (COP), and in 2012, people saved 40.9 billion pesos (COP). (http://www.semana.com/especiales-comerciales/articulo/ahora-los-colombianos-si-ahorran/420811-3)

 

Percentage of savings in household income:

  • 2003:  5

  • 2008:  9,4

  • 2010:  17,9

  • 2011:  21,9

  • 2012:  22,6

 

This affects our organization because it means that people are buying less than before, so the number of potential customers could decrease.

 

 

23. SEX ROLES:

 

As a result of colonial influence, Colombian society adopted a culture in which men occupy a dominant role within the household as breadwinner and disciplinarian and assume responsibility for maintaining family pride and position within the community.
With more women holding higher-paying jobs and occupying prominent positions in society, the role of machismo is now less dominant in urban centers but is still evident in rural regions.
While male familial roles are relatively consistent across economic groups, female roles vary as a result of the modern economy. In upper class and some middle class families, women avoid working outside the home in order to preserve family status, honor, and virtue. Women from lower class and lower-middle class families often hold jobs outside the home or work in the fields to contribute to the family's subsistence, giving them a greater degree of equality.

References: The roles of men and women in Colombia. http://kdgarci6colombia.weebly.com/blog/the-roles-of-men-and-women-in-colombia

Colombian Culture. http://www.everyculture.com/Bo-Co/Colombia.html#ixzz40AwprNl0

 

 

24. ATTITUDES TOWARD INVESTING:

 

By Lulu (2015), “All FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) involving the establishment of a commercial presence in Colombia requires registration with the Superintendence of Corporations and the local chamber of commerce.” Pg. 239.

 

For BottleFit is important to take in mind that Colombian government actively encourages Foreign Direct Investment because the company has an investing and a profit, so it is a obligation for them to registries with the Superintendence of Corporations. This policy helps to the country for control profits and capital of people, helping to avoid illegal bussines and improve the economy of Clombia. If the economy improves the company profits also improve.

 

Reference – Lulu (2015). Colombia Investment and Business Guide Volume 1 Strategic and Practical Information. Available in: https://books.google.com.co/books?id=Mj86CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79&lpg=PA79&dq=attitudes+toward+investing+colombia&source=bl&ots=FfMbHmX5Vi&sig=bUs7PEEHT3yyRGCxtXvg1aLnF3U&hl=es&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjW3tPD9vrKAhWGJx4KHfO8DF0Q6AEIJzAB#v=onepage&q=attitudes%20toward%20investing%20colombia&f=false

 

25. RACIAL EQUALITY:

 

Racial equality is the belief that individuals, regardless of their racial characteristics, are morally, politically, and legally equal and should be treated as such Colombia counts with approximately 4 to 5 different ethnic groups within its territory, counting with Meztizos, Whites, Afro-Colombian, Amerindian, Roma and unspecified races. Nowadays.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Colombia and mostly Bogota is trying to reduce racial discriminations with its “Bogota Humana” program, pushing forward equity, equality, tolerance and diversity of ethnic groups and recognizing all its rights as Colombian citizens by the light of the constitution and the state. Our company is not affected with racial equality, because our politics respect the equity of all the employers and costumers as it should be and our principles are base on respect and tolerance for others.

 

The World Factbook. (Updated: 2014). Retrieved August 19, 2015, from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/co.html Educación Incluyente. (2015, August 18). Retrieved August 17, 2015, from:http://www.educacionbogota.edu.co/temas-estrategicos/educacion-incluyente

 

26. USE OF BIRTH CONTROL:

 

Within this category might have seemed clearly three categories that were common among the participants: The first has to do with "easy to get" method, ie women consider that the decision to use a method associated with the ease of or buy the health promoter (EPS) would provide. In that sense, the pill and injectable remain the most used and that meet these requirements: the receiving of the EPS, or if you have to get prefer it to them at an affordable price. However, there is ambiguity as some believe that "the cheaper is the least secure method is".

 

The second subcategory found in the data, the security offered by the use of a particular method. The women interviewed considered that while the pill or injectable are not "pleasant" methods of use, they do represent a safe protection because for them it is important regularity in menstrual bleeding, because many are users of the intrauterine device (IUD) of combined oral contraceptives or injectable no menstrual absences occur frequently (more often with progestin-only methods), which for them is a sure sign of not being pregnant.

As emerging third subset of data is the use of the method according to the age of the woman. Although this was not an area that directly inquired if it was clear that the use of methods evolves according to the age of the woman. They consider them an adolescent women and nulliparous use or use a "flexible" approach as pills or injectable, however a young woman with a child uses or use a "fixed" method in time as an IUD or implants an adult woman and multiparous proper use or use an intrauterine device or a permanent method.

 

An important aspect that emerged is that some of the teenagers and young adults who participated did not use hormonal contraceptive methods, only barrier methods, particularly condoms and some have spermicides. However, when asked if they have used any contraceptive say "no", that is, in the women interviewed, the condom is not a contraceptive but a method of protection against sexually transmitted infections. In addition, it is believed that when the pair is stable and "takes a long time with that person no need to continue using it."

 

Linked to this aspect is able to perceive that although the participants have received some guidance on different contraceptives in general there are doubts about the mechanism of action of hormonal methods, as several participants asked questions on this subject. (www.scielo.org.co, 2010)

27. AVERAGE LEVEL OF EDUCATION:

 

According to the census done in 2005, 36.6 percent of the population has reached the basic primary level, 32.6 percent basic or secondary academic average and 7.5 percent have a professional level.

3.9 percent of the population is technologist and only 1.4 percent have done studies of specialization, masters or doctorate.

Colombia’s population without any education is 9.2 percent.

 

In 2012:

  • In Colombia, 42% of 25-64 year-olds attained at least upper secondary education.

  • 20% of adults in Colombia attained a tertiary qualification in 2012.

 

The level of education could be an important factor in the progress of a country’s development. If the level education is high, it means that the country might develop faster and better in terms of infrastructure, politics, economy, etc. This changes affect people’s lifestyle as well as their economic stability, and if people have money to spend, we will have more potential customers.

 

References:

 

 

 

28. GOVERMENT REGULATION:

 

Importations:

1. Location of tariff subheading. To locate the subheading of your product, you have two options: a. Through the customs tariff and / or b.With informal help offered by the Clearinghouse

 

2. Registration as an importer. To import into Colombia should belong to the common regime , for it must be registered with Chamber of Commerce and have a Single Tax - RUT , which was established as the only mechanism to identify, locate and classify subjects administered obligations and controlled by the Directorate of National Taxes and Customs , DIAN. To advance import activities , you should process the registration specifying this activity.

 

3. Market . Perform market research and economic feasibility of importing , analyzing among other things : product price in the international market , international transportation costs , costs of nationalization and other expenses that might arise.

 

4. Identification of product
Check the subheading of the product to be imported to know customs duties ( customs tariff and sales tax , VAT) and other requirements for import.


See the Customs Tariff to verify if the product imported is subject to clearances and previous registration with bodies such as ICA , INVIMA , Ministry of Mines , Ministry of Environment - ANLA , Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Agriculture, Superintendent of Surveillance and Security private, Superintendent of Industry and Commerce, National Mining Agency AUNAP among others.

 

References: Ministerio de Industria y Comercio. http://www.mincit.gov.co/mincomercioexterior/publicaciones.php?id=16268&dPrint=1

 

 

 

29. ATTITUDES TOWARD RETIREMENT:

 

According to BlackRock (2014), “90% of Colombians are concerned they will not be able to live comfortably in their retirement.” pg. 19.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

30. ATTITUDES TOWARD LEISURE TIME:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

According to survey results DANE use of free time Colombian is divided between men and women. There is evidence that women tend to spend more time with different things to paid work. Compared to men women have less than four hours difference with women engaged in unpaid work. This shows that man is still the one that works more, compared with women who continue to engage in domestic household duties. DANE. (2013). ENCUESTA NACIONAL DE USO DEL TIEMPO (ENUT). Bogota. The leisure time wont have a direct impact on our industry.

 

 

31. ATTITUDES TOWARD PRODUCT QUALITY:

 

The existence of a high demand in the Colombian market made companies direct their efforts to scale production, without clear and definite emphasis on quality. Analyzing the results of successful countries, it is the commitment of management to achieve a change in attitude of everyone in the organization, seeking to do the job right the first time by a steady improvement in the planning, execution, verification and action for all activities, manages to increase customer satisfaction and, hence, the market share and securing the life of the company. The organization thus prepared a change in a product target a market orientation, where the client expects to be satisfied is generated. (eltiempo.com, 2016)

 

 

32. ATTITUDES TOWARD CUSTOMER SERVICE:

 

One of the biggest problems or headaches for Colombian people is the customer service. People is not satisfied with customers services provided by the different organizations as the banks, internet providers, telephone providers, etc. They say that a call to a call center can easily take 45 minutes, 40 are spent listing to music while they take the customers from one supervisor to another, and the other 5 could end in nothing.

 

This affects our organizations because it means that people’s going to have a closed mind about the customer’s service, generalizing that it is bad. That’s why our effort for offering a good customer services has to be higher, in order to change their attitudes toward customer service.

 

Reference: (http://www.elcolombiano.com/historico/cual_servicio_al_cliente-MYEC_158703)

 

 

33.  POLLUTION CONTROL:

 

Some of the most important regulations concerning the environment are:

 

  • Resolución 2120 del 31 de Octubre de 2006 (ministerio de comercio): In this resolution is prohibited the import of substances that affect negatively the environment because those deplete the ozone layer. To control these imports, some measure such as completing a form for the permission of importing these substances.

Reference: Ministerio de industria y comercio. http://www.mincit.gov.co/descargar.php?id=68213

 

  • DECRETO 4741 DEL 30 DE DICIEMBRE DEL 2005:
    In this decree is partially ruled the prevention and management of dangerous wastes generated by industries or companies on the macro level of comprehensive management, to prevent the generation of these wastes, in addition to the well management of wastes generated by the whole citizenship, with the purpose of protecting human health and the environment, so that a better lifestyle is guaranteed.
     

Reference: Ministerio de medio ambiente. https://www.minambiente.gov.co/images/normativa/app/decretos/06-dec_4742_2005.pdf

 

  • RESOLUCIÓN 0734 DEL 22 DE JUNIO DEL 2004(ministerio de comercio):
    By virtue of Montreal’s Protocol, Colombia has committed to control, and reduce the consume of negative substances for the ozone layer, as a last goal is to remove its consumption; in that way, some measures have been taken against the imports of these industries.


Reference: Ministerio de industria y comercio. http://catalogo.mincomercio.gov.co/webisis/zeiky/documentos/textol/cex0044de2004.pdf

 

  • DECRETO 1609 DEL 31 DE JULIO DEL 2002 (mintransporte):

In this decree is regimented and established by the technical requisites by the management and transportation of dangerous merchandize by the roads and the security in the whole national territory, with the objective of   decreasing risks.
 

Reference: Ministerio de transporte. https://www.mintransporte.gov.co/descargar.php?idFile=177

 

 

34. ATTITUDES TOWARD FOREING PEOPLES:

 

According to Budapest Bogota (2012), “When you ask a foreigner living in Bogota,  what is the best thing about living here, the usual answer is it’s the people! their kindness, the fact that you can chat with anyone and anytime.”

 

Its good for the country that foreingers has a good expectative of colombian people, because they are going to feel confortable living in Colombia. This is not only good for the country it also is positive to the economy of the companies, te consumers are going to be more, and new and different opinions would arise.

 

Reference – Budapest Bogota. (2012). Note on being a foreigner – or rather on safety in bogota. Available in: https://kolagep.wordpress.com/2012/07/16/note-on-being-a-foreigner-or-rather-on-safety-in-bogota/

 

 

35.ENERGY CONSERVATION:

 

Colombia is a country full of nature and different ecosystems that are been protect because of their importance as an ecological patrimony the World so far. The country was been increasing it politics looking forward environment care and conservation, by for example programs and campaigns for the conservation of energy. In the last years the government was been creating programs that regulates the consumption that citizens have of energy, but also have take decision like the last year in witch they decrees the number of Christmas lights it the streets to support the cause, by the other hand some of the most important companies of energy in the country like Emgesa and Codensa are helping conservator energy campaigns that educate conscious citizen with environmental interests and also invest in different program the impulse the natural environment and its conservation, while universities and investigations groups are trying to create new ways to obtain recyclable and ecological energy all this new tendencies of the government, citizen, and companies create a cleaner and greener country that with a sustainability. The energy conservation new regulation and programs don’t have a direct impact n our industry.

 

 

Portafolio.com.co, (2016). . [online] Available at: http://www.portafolio.co/economia/energia-y-conservacion-la-mano [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016].http://www.portafolio.co/economia/energia-y-conservacion-la-mano UNRadio, (2016). . [online] Available at: http://unradio.unal.edu.co/detalle/cat/panorama-de-la-ciencia/article/energia-electrica-en-colombia-fuentes-conservacion-y-uso-sostenible.html [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016].http://unradio.unal.edu.co/detalle/cat/panorama-de-la-ciencia/article/energia-electrica-en-colombia-fuentes-conservacion-y-uso-sostenible.html

 

 

36. SOCIAL PROGRAMS:

 

The living conditions of the population are linked to the performance of the different social sectors. For example, education and health strengthen the need for income generation human capital, a factor which in turn determines the poverty status of a household.

The distribution of human capital in the population determines the composition and wages in the labor market, which largely determines the distribution of income.

 

Since it is through employment, that people generate most of its income, employment situation has fundamental implications for poverty, as well as on income distribution. The main objective of the Social Policy Colombia is to ensure that all Colombians have access to quality education, to just and fraternal social security, labor market -promoting formalization or supporting entrepreneurship, leading to effective mechanisms of social promotion.

 

In this way, it aims to create the conditions necessary for any resident, regardless of status, can generate and protect the assets that enable their personal and social development.

 

In this context, the Department of Social Development DNP helps to give guidelines on matters within its competence, to guide the actions of the Government, towards the articulation and coordination of public policies, with a view of the State in the long run, aimed at reducing poverty and promoting employment and equity.

 

Cross-cutting issues working the Department of Social Development (DSD):

  • Promoting Equality and Poverty Reduction

  • United Network for Overcoming Extreme Poverty

  • Strategy for Early Childhood Care - De Cero a Siempre

  • Millennium Development Goals -ODM

  • Food and Nutrition Security

  • Disability

  • Gender

Departamento Nacional de Planeación, Desarrollo Social, 16/02/2016. Retrieved from: https://www.dnp.gov.co/programas/desarrollo-social/Paginas/desarrollo-social.aspx

 

 

37. NUMBER OF CHURCHES:

 

The most important religion in Colombia is the Catholicism, but there are other religions as the Christians, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Mormons, Buddhist and Taoist sects of origin, Muslims, Jews or natural religions, that are practiced by the minority. (http://www.colombia.com/colombia-info/informacion-general/religion/)

 

Until March 2012, the number of churches recognized by “Ministerio del Interior” was 3.600. (http://www.dinero.com/pais/articulo/en-colombia-mas-iglesias-colegios/174266)

 

Religions change people’s way of thinking and if a religion thinks that our product is bad according to their ethics, laws, beliefs, etc. This religions members are not potential customers, or it means that we have to adapt our products or organization in order to fit in there.

 

 

38. NUMBER OF CHURCH MEMBERS:

 

According to Pew Research Center, during 2010, this country counted 38.100.000 of catholics, being the third spot as the Latin American country. There are no studies about the number of muslims in Colombia. Some generous calculus talk about to 85.000.

However, estimates of researchers, made in base of the information of communities, made them able to establish an amount about to 10.000 muslims in the country, from which around 1.500 would be localized in Bogotá.According to the inform of 2014, in 24 countries has been overcomed the amount of 100.000 Jehovah’s witnesses. In colombia the average is about 166.049 witnesses.

 

References: http://www.urosario.edu.co/Universidad-Ciencia-Desarrollo/ur/Fasciculos-Anteriores/Tomo-III-2008/Fasciculo-8/ur/El-Islam-en-Colombia/

https://www.jw.org/es/testigos-de-jehov%C3%A1/qui%C3%A9nes-somos-y-qu%C3%A9-hacemos/predicamos-la-palabra-de-dios/cantidad-testigos-2014/

 

 

39. SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY:

 

According to Pachanema Alliance (2016), “Social responsibility is an ethical theory, in which individuals are accountable for fulfilling their civic duty; the actions of an individual must benefit the whole of society.  In this way, there must be a balance between economic growth and the welfare of society and the environment. If this equilibrium is maintained, then social responsibility is accomplished.”

In the case of BottleFit has a big social responsability with the environment because with the main product, people could recycle and doesn`t waste many containers to carry the drinks, they use one BottleFit for different drinks and it doesn`t make more garbage.

Reference - Pachanema Alliance. (2016). Social responsibility and ethics. Available in: http://www.pachamama.org/social-justice/social-responsibility-and-ethics.

 

 

40.ATTITUDES TOWARD CAREERS

 

Colombian education is getting better in the last years, new programs such as ser pilo paga, credits, subsidy, the growth of the middle class had made that more people have the opportunity to study a professional carrier.

 

A study of el portal trabajo made an investigation identifying the tendency of the careers on the country and identifying the ones that are more demanded. The 5 careers that have been prefer in the last years are Business, marketing, informatics’ engineer, international Business, industrial engineer, while careers such ass agrology, physical oceanographer and statistical computing, seem to disappear says the minister of education, they also say that career such as mathematics, and physics have been decreasing their number of students.

 

Ass we can see the tendency of the popular careers are around business and engineers the ones that are considerate with a big work field and the ones that are know for being the better rewarded economically, while careers like mathematics physics and dramatically arts are stock.

 

The tendencies of the careers give us information about the trends in lifestyles interest and preferences of the young citizens witch are our main commercial target.

 

Noticias Universia Colombia, (2014). Conoce las 15 carreras más demandadas en Colombia. [online] Available at: http://noticias.universia.net.co/en-portada/noticia/2014/03/31/1092228/15-carreras-mas-demandadas-colombia.html [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016].

http://noticias.universia.net.co/en-portada/noticia/2014/03/31/1092228/15-carreras-mas-demandadas-colombia.html

 

 

Herrera, S. (2016). Estas son las carreras que menos estudian los colombianos. [online] www.elcolombiano.com. Available at: http://www.elcolombiano.com/colombia/educacion/estas-son-las-carreras-que-menos-estudian-los-colombianos-MA2471952 [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016].http://www.elcolombiano.com/colombia/educacion/estas-son-las-

carreras-que-menos-estudian-los-colombianos-MA24719

 

41. POPULATION CHANGES BY RACE, AGE, SEX AND LEVEL OF AFFLUENCE:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(dane.gov.co, 2016)

 

 

42. ATTITUDES TOWARD AUTHORITY:

The chart shows that the Colombians do not trust in their authority institutions at all. This chart shows that only 58% of Colombians trust in their armed forces, and 46% trust in the national police. This is happening because of the corruption and the growing sense of insecurity felt by Colombians. (http://www.semana.com/nacion/articulo/instituciones-en-crisis/409100-3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

If people’s attitudes toward authority are negative, they might not have respect for the authority at all, and that would create more insecurity. This insecurity changers people’s emotional stability and the way they act. For example, if a person’s cash was robbed by a thief, his/her disposable income will decrease, and it could be a potential client lost for our organization.

 

 

43. POPULATION CHANGESBY CITY, COUNTY, STATE, REGION, AND COUNTRY:

 

The total population in Colombia is 48.548.619. According to the DANE (Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadistica) and the census made in 2005, the total then was 41.468.384. In the most important regions the average population was 1.926.785. And the one with most population was Antioquia with 5.601.507(without taking the capital city as a region)

 

Also, the most populated city was Bogotá, the capital city with a total population of 6.778.691.

 

Reference: Libro censo 2005, DANE. http://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/esp/poblacion-y-registros-vitales/censos/censo-2005

 

44. VALUE PLACED ON LEISURE TIME

 

According to Miller (1997), “The common definition of leisure as "time off work" or "time for play" points out an important aspect of leisure: time. It specifies the nature of the freedom or opportunity which is involved in leisure: leisure is time available for action. Unfortunately, to define leisure as time off work is like defining money as a commodity which can be exchanged for useless luxuries. Such a definition of money would blind us to the practical uses of money, and the common definition of leisure blinds us to the profoundly practical uses of leisure.”

 

Now a days time is the most precious factor for humans, and in companies for make business, people needs time. Thats why leisure time influence a lot in the results of the business succes in this case the succes of BottleFit. Eployees needs a necesary timpe to work and also to rest, to rest is important because workers occupy the mind in other things and when they has to work they will do with the best disposition.

 

Reference - Miller (1997). The leisure theory of value. Available in: http://www.mib.org/~gunslngr/leisure.html

 

45. REGIONAL CHANGES IN TASTES AND PREFERENCES:

 

Colombia is a country full off diferent subcultures on each of it regions, that cause hard different between regional tastes, custom, and even dough big changes in expression and vocabulary. This differences come from the diverse demographic divition inside the country, with different climates, races, beliefs, and costumers, the difference between the regions have a relation with the little nationalism the citizens have making the stick with their own regional culture. This social diversification in some cases create barriers between relations inside the county, and difficult the companies that work all other the country because they have to find a way to satisfy the different types of subcultures in different ways, and create a marketing strategy that satisfies them. Each of our businesses creates entertainment or consumer products whose success depends substantially on consumer tastes and preferences that change in often-unpredictable ways. The success of our businesses depends on our ability to consistently create and distribute Tools the adapt to de market environment, this definitely affect our company because we are entering to a industry t full of competition, changes, were we have to create a way to identify consumers wants and need and, how they want it and create value from that

 

 

. bobo, E. (2009). El regionalismo bobo. [online] Dinero.com. Available at: http://www.dinero.com/opinion/opinion-on-line/articulo/el-regionalismo-bobo/87557 [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016].http://www.dinero.com/opinion/opinion-on-line/articulo/el-regionalismo-bobo/87557 Wikinvest.com, (2016). Changes in public and consumer tastes and preferences for entertainment and consumer products could reduce demand for our entertainment offerings and products and adversely affect the profitability of any of our businesses. for Walt_Disney_Company (DIS). [online] Available at: http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Walt_Disney_Company_(DIS)/Changes_Public_Consumer_Tastes_Preferences_Entertainment_Products_Reduce [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016].http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Walt_Disney_Company_(DIS)/Changes_Public_Consumer_Tastes_Preferences_Entertainment_Products_Reduce

 

 

46. NUMBER OF  WOMEN AND MINORITY WORKERS:

 

Colombian business sector should generate greater job diversity and inclusion, for more competitiveness and profitability, warned the first study of the National Consulting Center.

 

Of surveyed 17,410 workers, 64.9% are mestizos, white 27.3%, 4.5% blacks, Indians 0.7% and 2.6% mulattos.

Among the most representative findings on the current share of African descent and indigenous people in the business structure of the country, 60% of respondents felt that black people in Colombia receive worse treatment than white, 37% said that the deal is equal to 1.9% say it is better.

 

Moreover, at board level, occupation of white dominates with 62%, followed by a 30% mestizos, blacks with 6% and 1% indigenous.

The participation of blacks decreased 3% when discussing the management issue, while whites occupy 50% and 44% mestizos. Finally, participation in the administrative level is maintained at the same rate of 3% black, 24% for whites, 70% for mestizos, mulattos and 2% to 1% indigenous.

 

The study concludes that in three Indians who work, only one is a woman. At the managerial level in general, in five managers three are men and two women. (Semana.com, 2014)

 

 

 

47. NUMBER OF HIGH SCHOOL AND COLLEGE GRADUATES BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA:

 

In Colombia there are 2,642,709 graduates of higher education between 2001 and 2013. Between 2011 and 2013, Bogotá with 334.700 and Antioquia with more than 136.300 showed the higher concentration of graduates. Then comes Valle del Cauca (75.200), Santander (65.700) y Atlántico (42.700). Por el contrario, las departamentos con menor número de titulados en la educación superior son Vaupés (125), Guainía (244) y Vichada (278).

 

Most of the time, the level of education is related with people’s earnings, that’s why the areas with more graduates could have a bigger disposable income and that means, potential customers for our organization.

 

Reference: (http://www.graduadoscolombia.edu.co/html/1732/w3-article-335501.html)

 

 

48. RECYCLING:

 

In carrying out its mission, Cempre Colombia identified and recognized recyclers and their organizations as actors indispensable for progress in achieving our purpose is to contribute to increasing recycling rates in the country. As a result, Cempre focused its efforts on strengthening the capacity of recycling organizations in different regions of the country, from which lessons that have contributed to a better understanding of the needs of this population, the routes were detached advance the recognition of their role and to identify opportunities for business development.

 

In this regard, Colombia Cempre currently accompanies the process of joint Plans Solid Waste Management (ISWM) in various parts of the country to recycling organizations are linked and their participation in the recycling chain complies with current regulations.

 

Reference: Cempre. http://www.cempre.org.co/reciclaje-inclusivo/con-organizaciones-de-recicladores

 

 

49. WASTE MANAGEMENT:

 

Now a days its important to take care the environment because affect directly to the population. That’s why it was created Waste Management Company that provides recycling solutions to reduce waste. According to Waste Management (2016), “Disposing of waste in an environmentally-friendly manner is crucial to your business.”

 

For BottleFit its relevant this factor because are a company that its main purpose is to impulse people to recycle by the products they offer. With this we assure that waste manegemnt is one of the most relationated factor with the company, so it help to increase the sells of BottleFit.

 

Reference -  Waste Management (2016). Industry solutions. Available in: https://www.wm.com/index.jsp

 

 

50. AIR POLUTION:

 

Colombia is a Country with different climates, ecosystems, lands, were we can found a lot of places full of nature that are the lung of the country, but in the main cities such as Bogota, and Medellin the air position is skating to make a environmental damage in the last years. Bogotá, capital of Colombia, is one of the largest cities of Latin America; with a population of around 6.5 million and an annual growth rate of 2.081 percent it is the largest urban center in Colombia; it also has the highest rates of environmental deterioration of the country.

 

Air pollution has increased dramatically lately, due mainly to the uncontrolled increase in the number of vehicles in the city.2 Environmental problems like this are making people more concern about their health and near future, looking forward different ways to make their air less polluted, and environment clearer, with policies like the day of no cars in the city of Bogotá, and camping that impulse people to share their cars and stop the contaminated industries. Taking into a count our product is recyclable and have eco purposes people in the main cities and in a country are stating to get concern about the future and going to be more open and looking for products like ours.

 

Anon, (2016). [online] Available at: http://www.banrep.gov.co/sites/default/files/eventos/archivos/LOZANO_air_quality.pdf [Accessed 18 Feb. 2016].

 

51. WATER POLLUTION:

 

Due to the high number of wastes are dumped by tanneries and industries into rivers, watersheds and lakes, fish are dying.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries subienda in the Magdalena has declined considerably over the past 15 years, when the population of the capital and thus increased the number of waste and wastewater goes to the drains of the rivers without any treatment.

 

As if that were not enough, in the country there is no inventory of groundwater. It is known to exist and many companies make use of these fonts without prior authorization from the environmental authority.

 

Industry has a key role in the supply and demand for water. It is estimated that the major consumer of water in the world is agriculture with 65%, followed by industrial, requiring 25%, and domestic, commercial and other municipal urban services with 10% consumption.

 

Putting all this with climate change, it is predicted that by 2050 60% of the Colombian moors will be gone. (Elespectador.com, 2011)

Gold mining is also important in the contamination of the water factor. Although it was already banned the use of metals in the mining sector, the fiber for its extraction caused the water pollution in 17 Colombian departments, thoroughly cause the deterioration of nature and affect human health. (Eltiempo.com, 2014)

 

 

 

52. OZONE DEPLETION:

 

During the last years it has been a crisis with the ozone layer, that’s why in 1987, there was an international agreement that prohibited the use of some chemicals that are dangerous for the ozone layer and the environment. (http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/CMS-12324630)

 

Since 2010, Colombia has been taking steps to reduce the substances that harm the environment and deplete the ozone layer. These actions have eliminated the use of harmful chemicals as the hydro chlorofluorocarbons (HCFC) in the manufacturing of refrigerators domestically. (http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/presscenter/articles/2013/04/02/colombia-s-refrigeration-industry-promoting-green-economy-.html)

 

This affects our organization because we are an eco-friendly organization and to deal with that, we have to follow the processes to protect the environment. This kind of agreements could change the materials used for the manufacturing of our products.

 

 

53. ENDANGERED SPECIES:

 

In Colombia there are 1.203 different endangered species. Taking into account criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), 173 species are in critical danger, 390 in danger and 640 in the category of threat, 407 species belong to animals and 796 are plants.

 

Mammals such as the jaguar, whose habitat is the jungle of Colombia.

The spectacled bear is the only bear in south america.

The manati, has fewer population every day.

And emblematic birds such as the condor which is found along the Andes mountain range.

 

References: Ministerio de ambiente. https://www.minambiente.gov.co/index.php/noticias/2204-especies-amenazadas-en-colombia

Cultura, recreación y deporte. http://www.culturarecreacionydeporte.gov.co/bogotanitos/biodiverciudad/animales-en-de-extincion

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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